Last Updated: 2 September, 2025
Pink eye, medically known as conjunctivitis, is a common eye condition that affects people of all ages. It causes redness, irritation, and discharge from the eye—and while it is usually not serious, it can be highly contagious and uncomfortable.
Ophthalmologists in Canberra often see patients concerned about how long pink eye will last and whether it is viral or bacterial in nature. This blog explains the differences between viral and bacterial conjunctivitis, their typical duration, and when it is important to seek medical attention.
What is pink eye?
Pink eye refers to inflammation of the conjunctiva—the clear tissue covering the white part of your eye and the inside of your eyelids. It causes the eye to appear pink or red, often accompanied by tearing, burning, or discharge.
There are three main types of conjunctivitis:
- Viral conjunctivitis.
- Bacterial conjunctivitis.
- Allergic conjunctivitis.
This article focuses on the viral and bacterial types, which are both infectious but have different causes, symptoms, and durations.
Viral conjunctivitis
What causes it?
Viral conjunctivitis is most often caused by the adenovirus, the same virus responsible for the common cold. It spreads easily through coughing, sneezing, or touching contaminated surfaces.
Symptoms
- Watery or teary discharge.
- Redness in one or both eyes.
- Gritty or burning sensation.
- Often begins in one eye and spreads to the other.
- May be accompanied by cold-like symptoms. (runny nose, sore throat)
How long does it last?
- Duration: 5 to 14 days
- In mild cases, it resolves on its own within a week.
- Severe cases may persist for up to 3 weeks, especially if linked with keratitis (corneal inflammation).
Treatment
1. No specific antiviral treatment needed
In most cases, viral conjunctivitis clears up on its own within 7 to 14 days.
- Antiviral medications are rarely required unless the infection is caused by herpes simplex or another serious viral agent.
- Your doctor may prescribe lubricating drops or ointments to soothe irritation.
2. Supportive care for symptom relief
To ease discomfort while the infection runs its course:
- Use artificial tears to keep your eyes moist and reduce burning or itching.
- Apply cold compresses to the eyes to relieve swelling and redness.
- Gently clean any discharge with a clean, damp cloth.
3. Avoid contact lenses
- Do not wear contact lenses until the infection has completely resolved.
- Using lenses during infection may worsen symptoms and increase the risk of spreading the virus.
- Dispose of the current pair and disinfect the lens case if worn during early stages.
4. Practice strict hygiene – highly contagious
Viral eye infections spread easily through direct contact.
- Avoid touching or rubbing your eyes, as it can worsen irritation and transmit the virus to others.
- Do not share towels, pillows, makeup, or eye drops with others.
- Wash your hands frequently with soap and water, especially after applying eye drops or touching your face.
- Use disposable tissues and throw them away immediately after use.
Bacterial conjunctivitis
What causes it?
This type is caused by bacteria such as Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, or Haemophilus influenzae. It is commonly seen in children but can affect adults as well.
Symptoms
- Thick, yellow or green discharge.
- Eyelids stuck together in the morning.
- Redness in one or both eyes.
- Mild eye pain or discomfort.
- Usually does not accompany respiratory symptoms.
How long does it last?
- With treatment (antibiotic drops or ointment): Usually clears in 2 to 5 days.
- Without treatment: May last 7 to 10 days, but still contagious longer.
Treatment
- Antibiotic eye drops or ointments shorten the duration and reduce the risk of spreading.
- Maintain good hygiene and avoid touching the infected eye.
- Not as contagious as viral conjunctivitis, but still requires caution.
When should you see an ophthalmologist?
While many cases of pink eye resolve on their own, it is important to seek medical advice if:
- Symptoms worsen after a few days.
- You experience blurred vision or sensitivity to light.
- There is intense eye pain.
- You wear contact lenses and develop symptoms.
- Discharge is persistent or bloody.
- The condition recurs frequently.
Early diagnosis helps rule out more serious conditions like keratitis, uveitis, or glaucoma, which may mimic pink eye symptoms.
Conclusion
Most cases of pink eye—whether viral or bacterial—are mild and self-limiting, but they can be uncomfortable and easily spread to others. Identifying the type of conjunctivitis helps guide treatment and reduces transmission risk.
If you are in Canberra and experiencing symptoms of pink eye, it is important to seek prompt medical care. An experienced ophthalmologist can provide an accurate diagnosis, effective treatment, and relief tailored to your condition. Book a consultation with Dr Parth Shah today to receive expert eye care and personalised attention.
Author bio
Dr Parth Shah is an experienced ophthalmologist in Canberra, Australia. With extensive training and experience, he is renowned for his expertise in the field. Dr Shah is dedicated not only to performing successful surgeries but also to patient education. His compassionate approach, combined with technical proficiency, has earned him the trust and gratitude of countless patients. He is a true advocate for eye health and a trusted name in the Canberra ophthalmology community.
FAQs
Yes, reinfection can occur, especially if proper hygiene is not maintained or if the initial infection was not completely cleared. In some cases, recurring conjunctivitis may indicate an underlying condition that needs evaluation.
It is best to avoid work or school until symptoms improve, especially if the pink eye is viral or bacterial, due to its contagious nature. A healthcare provider can advise when it is safe to return.
In most cases, pink eye does not cause permanent vision loss. However, severe or untreated cases, especially those involving the cornea, can lead to complications that may impact vision.
Lubricating or artificial tear drops can relieve symptoms of viral pink eye, but antibiotic drops should only be used under medical supervision if bacterial conjunctivitis is confirmed.
Yes. Viral conjunctivitis is more common during cold and flu season (autumn/winter), while bacterial conjunctivitis can occur year-round but may spike during close-contact situations, such as school openings.
Yes. Sharing makeup or using contaminated cosmetics or contact lenses can introduce bacteria or irritants that may cause or worsen conjunctivitis. Always discard any items used during an infection.
Avoid touching your eyes, wash your hands frequently, do not share towels, bedding, or cosmetics, and disinfect commonly touched surfaces like phones and doorknobs.
